Research & References

Darrow EN, Wanek JC, Correa-Torres SM. Interveners for Children Who Are Deafblind: The Parents' Perspective. American Annals Deaf. 2025;169(5):460-472. doi: 10.1353/aad.2025.a957986. PMID: 40289801.

Alsop, L., Blaha, R., & Kloos, E. (2006) The Intervener In Early Intervention and Educational Settings for Children and Youth with Deafblindness, SKI-HI Institute, Utah State University. (Original work published in 2000) The first publication dedicated to the work of interveners that was nationally disseminated.

Alsop, et.al (2022) Interveners [Special Issue]. Visual Impairment and DeafBlind Education Quarterly, vol. 67, no. 4, Council for Exceptional Children. Thirty-seven authors contributed to this comprehensive special issue on interveners. This one of a kind journal covers the role if the intervener, the training, work, and the impact of interveners.

Watkins, S. , Clark, T., Strong, C., & Barringer, D. (1994). The effectiveness of an intervener model of services for young deaf-blind children.  American Annals of the Deaf, 139(4), 404-409. Documented the effectiveness of the Intervener Service Model which provides the services of a paraprofessional (called an Intervener) to families of young children who are deaf-blind. The data strongly supported the need for Intervener Services for young children who are deaf-blind and their families. 

 Correa-Torres, S. (2008). The nature of social experiences of students with deafblindness who are educated in inclusive settings. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 102(5), 272-283.  This qualitative case study investigated the nature of social experiences and opportunities for communication among students who are deaf-blind, their sighted peers with no hearing loss, and adults in inclusive settings. Strategies used by adults to promote interaction were also observed. Implications and suggestions for future research are provided.

Nelson, C. Hyte, H., & Greenfield, R. (2016). Increasing self-regulation and classroom participation of a child who is deafblind. American Annals of the Deaf, 160(5), 496-509.